The Earth Standard Day (ESD) is a standard time unit that denotes the length of one day to be relative to Earth's axial rotation. Consequently, one ESD is equal to 24 hours. This unit is needed to resolve day length discrepancies between the various planets and moons inhabited by humanity, both across the Sol system and outside.
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Please note that no such unit of time measurement has ever been referenced in either the book nor the TV series, but it is assumed that some similar convention must exist to allow for the resolution of any measurement discrepancies.
An unexplained acronym (SSTC) for time measurement was featured in the TV episode "Cascade" but as of now, what it represents is unknown. Maybe it stands for coordinated sol system time like the UTC.
